電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)線切割(ge)簡稱線切割(ge)。它(ta)是在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)穿孔(kong)、成(cheng)形加工的基礎(chu)上發展(zhan)(zhan)起來的。它(ta)不僅使電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)加工的應用得到(dao)了發展(zhan)(zhan)，而且某些(xie)方面已取(qu)代了電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)穿孔(kong)、成(cheng)形加工。線切割(ge)機(ji)床已占電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)機(ji)床的大半。脈沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的一(yi)極接工件，另一(yi)極接電(dian)(dian)(dian)極絲。在(zai)(zai)工件與電(dian)(dian)(dian)極絲之間(jian)總是保持一(yi)定的放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)隙(xi)且噴灑工作液，電(dian)(dian)(dian)極之間(jian)的火(huo)(huo)花(hua)(hua)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)蝕出(chu)一(yi)定的縫隙(xi)，連續不斷的脈沖(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)就切出(chu)了所需形狀和尺寸的工件。

根據(ju)(ju)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)絲(si)運(yun)動(dong)軌跡(ji)(ji)的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)不(bu)同(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)火(huo)花線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)又可分為三種：一種是模(mo)仿形(xing)(xing)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其在(zai)進(jin)行線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)前(qian)，預(yu)先制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造出(chu)與工(gong)件(jian)形(xing)(xing)狀相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)模(mo)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)把工(gong)件(jian)毛坯和模(mo)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)裝夾在(zai)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)工(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)上(shang)，在(zai)線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)絲(si)緊(jin)緊(jin)地貼(tie)著模(mo)邊緣作(zuo)軌跡(ji)(ji)移動(dong)，從而(er)切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)出(chu)與模(mo)形(xing)(xing)狀和精度相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)工(gong)件(jian)來(lai)；另(ling)一種是光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)跟(gen)蹤控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其在(zai)進(jin)行線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)前(qian)，先根據(ju)(ju)零件(jian)圖(tu)(tu)樣按一定放(fang)大比例描繪出(chu)一張光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)跟(gen)蹤圖(tu)(tu)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)將圖(tu)(tu)樣置于(yu)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)跟(gen)蹤臺(tai)上(shang)，跟(gen)蹤臺(tai)上(shang)的(de)光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)頭始終追隨墨線圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)軌跡(ji)(ji)運(yun)動(dong)，再(zai)(zai)借助于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣、機(ji)(ji)械的(de)聯動(dong)，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)工(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)連同(tong)工(gong)件(jian)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)絲(si)做相(xiang)(xiang)似(si)形(xing)(xing)的(de)運(yun)動(dong)，從而(er)線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)出(chu)與圖(tu)(tu)樣形(xing)(xing)狀相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)工(gong)件(jian)來(lai)；再(zai)(zai)一種是數字程(cheng)序(xu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，采用(yong)先進(jin)的(de)數字化(hua)自動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術，驅動(dong)線切(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)按照加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)前(qian)根據(ju)(ju)工(gong)件(jian)幾何形(xing)(xing)狀參數預(yu)先編制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好的(de)數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)程(cheng)序(xu)自動(dong)完成加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)，不(bu)需要制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)樣板也無需繪制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)放(fang)大圖(tu)(tu)。